Major philosophical trends in the 19th century include post-Kantian German idealism (Hegel, Fichte, et al.), Positivism, and American Pragmatism.

Submit sites that deal with Ancient Philosophy in general or broad strokes.

'Ancient philosophy' is the conventional title, in Europe and the English-speaking academy, for the philosophical activities of the thinkers of the Graeco-Roman world. It includes a succession of philosophers who operated over a 1,000-year period from the middle of the first millennium BC to the middle of the first millennium AD - from Thales and the earliest Pre-Socratics to late Neoplatonists and Aristotelian commentators, such as Simplicius and Philoponus. Later thinkers in Europe (e.g. Scotus Eriugena) are normally assigned to the category 'medieval', as are Arabic philosophers such as Avicenna and Averroës. Contemporary philosophers from other cultures (e.g. Confucius, Buddha) are also not included.

This category is only for those sites which deal specifically with Enlightenment philosophy. Please send sites which relate to Enlightenment literature to Arts/Literature/Periods_and_Movements/Enlightenment.

Modern western philosophy is commonly assumed to start with in the 16th century, and includes as major figures Leibniz, Descartes, Spinoza, Hume, Locke, Berkeley, and Kant.

Historians or philosophers who are widely identified as historians of philosophy.

Description: Links to the categories of medieval philosophers.

Please don''t list or submit sites here. Send sites of specific philosophers to Philosophers, and sites which pertain to medieval philosophy in general to the main medieval philosophy category.

The medieval period in philosophy dates from the end of the Roman empire (5th century CE) to the European Renaissance (14th century CE), and is largely defined by Neoplatonic, Aristotelian, and Scholastic philosophies.

The Renaissance is a breakpoint between Medieval and Modern thought, spanning (roughly) two and a half centuries from the year 1350 to the late 16th century.